Preheat the air fryer to 400°F (200°C) for 5 minutes.
In a shallow bowl, combine the grated Parmesan cheese, panko breadcrumbs, garlic powder, dried Italian seasoning, salt, and black pepper. Mix well.
Place the flour in a separate shallow bowl.
In another shallow bowl, beat the eggs until smooth.
Lightly coat each tilapia fillet with flour, shaking off any excess.
Dip the floured fillet into the beaten eggs, ensuring it is fully coated.
Press the fillet into the Parmesan breadcrumb mixture, covering both sides evenly and pressing gently to adhere.
Place the coated fillets on a plate and spray both sides lightly with cooking spray.
Arrange the fillets in a single layer in the air fryer basket, making sure they do not overlap. You may need to cook in batches depending on the size of your air fryer.
Cook the fillets at 400°F (200°C) for 10 to 12 minutes, flipping halfway through, until the crust is golden brown and the fish flakes easily with a fork.
Carefully remove the fillets from the air fryer and serve immediately.